Devolution of power in Somaliland.

Devolution of Power In S/land. By: Abdo (Pseudonym)

Somaliland constitution stipulates clearly that the structure of the country comprises of regions and districts, to which some state powers are moved. Accordingly, Somaliland parliament passed some legislation that clearly delineate how state powers are shared between central government and districts. In this regard, enacted laws say clearly the mandate and sources of revenue for Local governments as well as for central government.

That is, Somaliland adopts devolution system which means decentralization of power down vertical from central government to local governments in the regions and districts. The power of the state is also horizontally divided between cabinet, judiciary and parliament. In this context, Somaliland democracy looks consummate comprehensive and mature, since we all know that democracy is not merely holding elections—electioneering--  but much broader and deeper as it entails principles and pillars such as rule of law, good governance, accountability&trasparency among others, without which it would end up in vain.

However, Somaliland reality does not reflect the beautiful devolution system that the constitution guarantees. For example, when you read the mandate that was assigned to local governments and the revenue allocated to them to do the job, you can easily realize that it is not viable or practical. All Somaliland local governments share only 5% of the state budget while the rest-- 95% goes to the central government except for some fraction that is assigned to parliament and judiciary.

In this context, devolving or decentralizing the state power down vertical to regions and districts by assigning for them a huge mandate of social services –sanitation, city roads, security and land management among others, without giving them the necessary means and funds to do the job would never work.  It would sound, in my view,  a joke and perhaps useless to hold local government elections believing ostensibly that we would get local councils that would address the challenges that Somalilanders face at district and regional levels. Democracy is not something decorative or ornamental that you would show off. It is not an end by itself. It is for mitigating and alleviating poverty, diseases and ignorance with the aim to eventually achieve development and prosperity for the society.

Having said that, we cannot expect much from local governments given the fact that they are short of funds. It is the central government that we hope to shoulder the responsibility and deliver the services in lieu of local councils since the central government have taken almost the whole cake .

Lastly but not least, in order to get effective local governments that can fulfill the mandate given to them, they may need to get at least 30% of the state budget-- I guess. If not, we would not be able to uphold the guidelines of the constitution which,  unequivocally,  defines republic of Somaliland as a country whose political power is devolved.

 Source: www.profabdiali.blogspot.com

Pof. Abdi Ali Jama or Abdo(pseudonym)

Dawladda hoose: turjumaad qaldantay.

Dawladda hoose: Turjumaad qaldantay!!!W/Q:Prof.Abdi A. Jama.

Ma sidaas baa oo dawladda hoose waa mid hoosaysa marka loo eego dawladda dhexe. Kalmadaha la turjumay waa: “Local government”. Afka carabiga si saxa ayaa loo turjumay waxayna noqotay: “A-dawla al-maxaliya ama Baladiya” oo micnaheedu yahay dawladdii degaanka; halka innagu aynu nidhi: “Dawladda hoose” taasoo ah turjumaad qaldan ama la qalad-fahmay.

Xaqiiqadu waxa weeye marka laga hadlayo dawladaha dimuqraadiga ah ee sharcigu sarreynta leeyahay in labada dawladood,  waa ta dhexe iyo ta hoose’e, ay ku wada shaqeeyaan sharciga kaasoo u kala xadeeya mid kasta awooddeeda, ilaheeda dhaqaale iyo adeegyada ay bixinayso. Sidaas waxa lagu caddeeyaa sharci ka soo baxay barlmaanka dadku doorteen. Sharcigaasi, Matalan, wuxu odhanayaa: dawladda dhexe waxay urursanaysaa cashuraha kastamada; dawladdda hoosena waxay qaadanaysaa cashuurta ardiyada. Dhinaca kale, isla sharcigaasi wuxu odhanayaa, Matalan, dawladda dhexe waxay ku shaqo leedahay samaynta iyo hagaajinta waddooyinka magaalooyinka isku xidha; dawladaha hoosena waxay masuul ka yihiin hagaajinta waddooyinka gudaha magaalada.

Marka sidaas sare ku qoran arrinku yahay, waxaynu fahmi karnaa in dawladda dhexe tahay dawladda weyn, tan hoosena tahay dawladda yar, oo macnaha ay kala weyn yihiin. Sidaa darteedna xagga protocol-ka ay mudan tahay dawladda dhexe.  Laakiin looma fahmi karo dawladda hoose hadday yar tahay way hoosaysaa oo ta dhexe ayaa dhakada ka saaran. Waayo waad aragtaa in aan waxba isugu  jirin. Maxaa isgu jira haddii loo kala duway meelihii ay dhaqaalaha ka helayeen iyo adeegyadii ay qabanayeen. Saw ma aha arrinku mid walowba, dhaqaalahaaga halkaa ka qaado, waxaas iyo waxaasna u qabo dadka.

Xaqiiqadu waxa weeye in labadoodaba laga rabo in ay raacaan sharciga. Haddii ay wax isku qabtaan ay ku kala baxaan qeynuunka. Waa suuragal in ay maxkamadda isla galaan oo runta loo kala sheego.

Haddaba, haddii arrinku sidaas kor ku qoran yahay, waa maxay mashkiladdan ina haysata ee marar badan ay madaxa isula galaan dawladda dhexe iyo ta hoose. Ama ta dhexe ay hoosta u gashato dawladdii dhamayd ee degaanka?

Jawaabtu waa: dhaxalka fikirka dawladeed ee uu inagaga tagay taliskii af-weyne halkaasoo dawladda dhexe ay dhaxal wareejisay maamulada degaanka, kana dhigtay waxaan jirin ama midiidin u ah dawladda dhexe. Taasoo ka dhigan in aynu erinay kaligii taliyihii Afweyne iyo taliskiisii  bustaha qoyan inna saaray, laakiin bustihii qoyanaa aynu iska dul qaadi kari la’nahay. Talaw, waa maxay sababtu? sababahu waa dhawr arrimood: danaysiga doqonniimada ah wax kaga dar, fiqiga dawladnimada oo inagu yarna eedda badh saar.

Source: www.profabdiali.blogspot.com

Qeexidda qofka suubban, basarka leh ee edebsan.

Qeexidda Qof suubban, Basar leh oo edebsan. W/Q: Prof.Abdi A.Jama(Abdo).

Afeef: suubbanida, basarka iyo edebta waxan uga hadlayaa waa sida internationalka ah; macnaha sida qofka chineska ah, japaneska ama mareykanka ahi isku waafaqsan yihiin. Waxay ila tahaya aragtida islaamka lafteedu inay wax badan ku raacsan tahay. Sidoo kale dhaqanka Somaliga ahi wax badan buu la wadaagaa. )

Suubbanaanta iyo edebta.(integrity and etiquette).

Waa maxay farqiga u dhexeeya: suubbanida, Basarka iyo edebtu.  Horta, saddexdu way kala duwan yihiin, haddana ,wey is dhexgalayaan. macnaha, ma jiro xarriiq cad oo kala qeybiya.  Maxaa yeelay, waxa jira dhaqano ama ficilo ban’iidamku sameeyo, oo ay adag tahay in la kala sheego inay edeb-darro tahay ama basar-xumo ama suubbanaan la’aan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxan isku dayi doonaa inaan kala qalo saddexda intaan kari karo. Markaynu leenahay qof edebsan, waxaynu u jeednaa, Matalan, qof dad la dhaqankiisu xagga muuqaalka sare fiican yahay. Tusaale, hadddii qof marka maqaayadaha la fadhiyo aad u qeylqeylyo illaa xad dadku soo wada eegaan, waxaynu odhan karnaa qofkaasi wuu edeb daran yahay. Laakiin qasab ma aha inuu qofkaasi yahay qof aan suubbanayn ama xun. Markan leeyahay qof suubban waxan u jeedaa qof, matalan, daacad ah, aan anaani ahayn,  beenta aan sheegin ama ay ku adag tahay inuu been sheego, haddii uu sheegana damiirkiisu canaanto. Waxa suuragal ah qofkaa edebta daran in aanu beenta sheegin ama aanu khayaamada aqoon sidaa darteed qofkaas waxa laga yaabaa inay ka maqan tahay uun aadaabta wanaagsan ee magaalada lagu joogo.

 Suubanaanta iyo basarka.(integrity and discipline)

Basarku waa qofka oo noqda mid naftiisa kantarooli kara. Tusaale ahaan haddii qofku marka lala ballamo waqti go’an aanu ilaalin Karin waqtigii, ama uu had iyo jeer ka soo habsaamo waqtiga shaqada la bilaabo, waxa la odhan karaa qofkaasi wuu basar xun yahay. Laakiin, u fiirso, haddii uu ballantii oofin waayo gabigeedii oo dhan ama shaqadii ama xilkii uu qaaday gudan waayo iyadii oo dhan ama dayaco, markaa arrintu waxay noqonaysaa in suubanaantiisa qofnimo wax weyni ka maqan tahay, gaar ahaan marka aan la arkayn ee cidi ku kantaroolayn shaqadaas ee aarrinku yahay isaga iyo qofnimadii. Tusaale, meeshaba isagaa u sarreya ama saxeexa ugu danbeeya leh. Markaas weeye marka suubbanaanta qofku soo baxaysaa ee ma aha marka uu ka baqayo in shaqada laga eryo haddii uu dayaco shaqada ama uu ka baqayo in lagu qabto adduun uu xaday. Haddii uu sidaa darteed isaga daayay tuugada, lama odhan kara waa qof suubban.

 La yaab ma leh xaggeena waayo innagu dad muslin ah ayaynu nahay oo waxaynu aaminsannahay haddii aanay cidi ku arkayn ilaahay baa ku arkaya ee si fiican u gudo ammaanada, xilka ama shaqada laguu dhiibay; laakiin waxa la yaab leh in qofka chineska-ah, Japaneska-ah ama mareykan ah ay isku waafaqsan yihiin in suubanaanta qofnimo(integrity or ethics) ay tahay in qofku u guto ammaanadiisa ama xilkiisa sida ugu wanaagsan tiiyoo aanay cidina arkayn.

Basarka iyo edebta.(discipline and etiquette)

Labadani aad bey isugu dhaw yihiin, taasoo keenta in la isku qaldo. Edeb darradu, Matalan, waa qofkii oo marku Matalan ballantii oofiyay, waqtigeedii ku yimid, halkaana ku noqday qof suubban oo basar leh, laakiin, matalan qofkii uu la ballansanaa si fiican u salaami waayay, ama markii la salaamay, si fiican u qaadi waayay salaantii. Markii uu soo fadhiistayna, Matalan, qofkii  si toos ah ugu hindhisay isagoo aan wejigiisa ka leexin ama, matalan, qofkii hoosta ka galay tiiyoo uu arkaayo qofkii oo ka durkaya, taasoo isaguna mar walba uu ku sii durkayo. Qofka sidan ah waa qof suubban waayo ballantii wuu oofshay, waana qof discipline leh waayo waqtigii ballanta ayuu ku yimid laakiin waa qof ay ka maqan tahay edebta fiican ama waxa loo yaqaan ethiquite-ka.

Su’aasha is weydiinta mudani waxay tahay, maxaa qofka ama dadka ka dhiga qof suubban ama basar leh ama edebsan. Su,aashan waa su’aal ay dad badani uga jawaabi karaan si durduro ah iyagoon ku marganayn iyagoo odhanaya: Diinta qofka oo fiicnaata ayaa keenta subbanaanta, basarka iyo edebta intaba. Laakin su’aashu waxay tahay: ma jiraan dad aanay diintoodu fiicnayn ama gaalaba ah oo ku sifoobay suubbanaan, basar wanaag iyo edeb fiican, gaar ahaan meelaha qaar?!!!!!! Su’aashaas jawaabteeda dadka akhristayaasha ah ayaan u dhaafayaa.

Source: www.profabdiali.blogspot.com

Email:  Abdirrahman99@hotmail.com